Big Hole National Battlefield’s visitor center is open from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM from mid-October to late May, and from 9:00 AM to 4:30 PM during the summer months. It is closed on Sundays and Mondays from mid-October to late May, and on state holidays.
There is no entrance fee to visit Big Hole National Battlefield. No daily rate, per person, or annual membership is required for entry.
From Dillon, take Montana Highway 43 southwest to Wisdom, then continue 10 miles west to this historic site, nestled near the continental divide. Immerse yourself in the poignant legacy of a pivotal battle amid stunning natural beauty.
Parking is available in a lower parking area, accessible for cars, smaller RVs, and motorcycles. No overnight parking; no parking fees.
Accessibility & permits
Emergency
- Cell service availability:None
Big Hole National Battlefield, situated in the heart of Montana’s Beaverhead Mountains, is a poignant and visually stunning destination that blends historical significance with natural beauty. This sacred site, where the Nez Perce tribe clashed with the U.S. Army in 1877, is now a memorial to those who fought and died here.
The battlefield lies in a broad river bottom valley, where the sun-bleached frames of tipis once stood, and the winding Big Hole River carves its path. The landscape is serene, with a quiet beauty that attracts picnickers, anglers, and hikers alike. Three trails invite exploration: the Battlefield Trail, the Siege Trail, and the Howitzer Trail, each offering a unique perspective on the terrain and the events that unfolded.
Seasonal changes paint the landscape in vibrant hues; spring brings blooming wildflowers, summer warms the river banks, and autumn sets the mountains ablaze with color. In winter, the site is serene under a blanket of snow, perfect for snowshoeing.
The year-round visitor center provides a deeper understanding of the history, while the surrounding area offers additional attractions. Nearby Wisdom, Montana, is a quaint town with local outfitters and artisans. For those seeking more adventure, the Nez Perce National Historic Trail, which includes this site, stretches across five states, following the flight of the Nez Perce tribe.
Special events, such as ranger-led tours and historical reenactments, bring the park to life. Visitors can also explore the nearby Bitterroot Mountains or enjoy a leisurely canoe ride on the Big Hole River, home to trout and other fish species. This is a place where nature and history converge, offering an immersive experience for those who seek to understand the complex tapestry of America’s past.
- Area (mi²)
- 1
- Annual visitors
- 36 234
- Established year
- 1910
Top 3 Facts about Big Hole National Battlefield
On August 9, 1877, a surprise attack by U.S. troops killed 60 to 90 Nez Perce, mostly women and children, in a camp spanning the Bitterroot Valley after they had traversed Lolo Pass in Montana, a pass at an elevation of approximately 2,263 meters.
In this pristine Montana landscape, a diverse array of wildlife thrives. Larger mammals such as elk, deer, and bison roam freely, while nocturnal creatures like coyotes and bobcats emerge under the cover of night. The skies are filled with birds including eagles, hawks, and osprey. Amphibians and reptiles inhabit the area’s waterways, which are also home to trout and other fish. The rich ecosystem is complemented by a variety of flora, reflecting the cultural and environmental significance of this historic site. As day gives way to night, the landscape transforms, revealing a new cast of characters that inhabit this wild and evocative place.
In the heart of Southwest Montana’s Beaverhead Mountains, a serene landscape unfolds. The North Fork of the Big Hole River meanders through, its crystal-clear waters reflecting the surrounding terrain. Battle Mountain rises to the northwest, reaching elevations of up to 7,000 feet, while Ruby Bench stretches along the southeastern edge. The climate is marked by stark seasonal contrasts, with January temperatures plummeting to 1.5°F and July highs reaching 77°F. This diverse terrain, dotted with dense willow thickets and open meadows, preserves the natural beauty and historical significance of the area.
Family programs
- Junior Ranger
- Ranger-led Tours
- Self-guided Tours
- Workshops & Hands-on Activities.
Travel Tips
Plan Ahead
Plan a summer visit to coincide with ranger-guided hikes. Start at the visitor center for an introductory film and exhibits. Park at the lower parking area for trail access. Bring the 10 essentials and rest often on the high-altitude trails. Pack meals as options are limited. Respect the sacred terrain.
Pack Appropriately
Pack layers for unpredictable mountain weather; bring warm clothing for cold winters and light jackets for cooler summers. Include waterproof gear, sturdy hiking boots, and sun protection. For longer stays, bring camping equipment and insulated sleeping bags. Check the season for specific needs.
Respect Wildlife
Maintain a safe distance from wildlife – 100 yards from bears and wolves, 25 yards from other animals. Never feed or touch them, and dispose of trash properly to preserve their natural habits. Respect their space to ensure a safe and enriching experience.
Stay Informed
Stay on marked trails, avoid ledges and water, and check weather conditions. Follow park signs and rules. For emergencies, call 911 or park authorities at 406-689-3155.
Seasons
In spring, mild temperatures (40s-60s°F) and blooming wildflowers set the stage for a poignant visit. Attend the spring schedule’s introductory presentations and exhibits. Ranger-led programs begin in summer, but spring’s serene atmosphere makes for a contemplative exploration of the historic battlefield.
Visit in summer for warm temperatures (70s-80s°F) and immersive events like the July 7-8 REDTAIL – The Horse and Native American Culture. Enjoy ranger-led tours, insightful talks, and guided hikes amidst the historic landscape. Ideal for outdoor enthusiasts seeking a rich cultural experience.
Visit in fall for crisp temperatures (40s-60s°F) and golden landscapes. Attend the REDTAIL event in July, though autumn brings serene trails and historic sites. Mild weather makes it ideal for self-guided walks and ranger programs. Closed on major holidays.
From October to May, experience the serene winter landscape with temperatures often below 32°F. Crisp air and snow-covered trails offer a tranquil backdrop to explore the historic battleground, though some facilities may be closed or have limited hours. A seasonal immersion into a poignant piece of history.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ready to dive into what Big Hole National Battlefield has to offer? Let’s tackle some of the burning questions you might have as you plan your visit!
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To visit the Big Hole National Battlefield, you can stay in the city of Dillon, Montana, or nearby Wisdom, which is about 10 miles east of the battlefield on Montana Highway 43.
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Dogs are allowed on paved roads and in parking areas if they are on a leash, but they are not permitted on trails or inside buildings like the visitor center. They can stay in your vehicle, but someone should stay with them for their well-being. Pets must be under physical control at all times.
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You cannot park an RV directly at the battlefield, but there are nearby RV parks such as Big Hole River RV Park and Big Hole RV Park in Wisdom that offer full hookups and amenities for various sizes of motorhomes, camper vans, and trailers. These parks are suitable for Class A, Class B, and Class C RVs.
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On August 9 and 10, 1877, U.S. troops led by Colonel John Gibbon surprised and attacked a Nez Perce camp, killing 60 to 90 Nez Perce men, women, and children. Despite being outnumbered, the Nez Perce warriors fought back, forcing the U.S. Army into retreat and allowing their families to flee. However, the battle was a significant setback for the Nez Perce in their 126-day journey to escape U.S. forces.