The Fort Necessity National Battlefield Visitor Center is open daily from 9 AM to 5 PM, except on Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year’s Day.
Entrance to Fort Necessity National Battlefield is free, with no entrance pass required.
From Pittsburgh, drive 56.5 miles southeast on US Highway 40, passing through rolling Pennsylvania landscapes, to reach this historic site near Uniontown.
Parking is available in the Visitor Center parking lot, with no specific size restrictions mentioned for RVs or motorcycles. There are no parking fees, and overnight parking is not permitted.
Accessibility & permits
Emergency
- Cell service availability:Partial
Fort Necessity National Battlefield, situated in the rolling hills of southwestern Pennsylvania’s Laurel Highlands, is a testament to the pivotal moments of American history. This 902.8-acre national battlefield, established in 1931, preserves the site of the Battle of Fort Necessity, the inaugural clash of the French and Indian War in 1754. Here, amidst the verdant meadows and dense forests of the Allegheny Mountains, 22-year-old Colonel George Washington and his colonial troops engaged in a fateful battle that marked the beginning of a seven-year struggle for control of North America.
The landscape is dotted with historical significance, including the reconstructed Fort Necessity, a small stockade that stands as a poignant reminder of the battle. Nearby, the Mount Washington Tavern, a relic from the National Road era, offers a glimpse into the region’s past. Hiking trails crisscross the battlefield, leading to sites such as Braddock’s grave and Jumonville Glen, each telling a segment of the war’s story.
Seasonal changes paint the landscape in vibrant hues; spring brings blooming wildflowers, summer greenery envelops the meadows, autumn colors the trees in shades of gold and crimson, and winter snows blanket the ground in serenity. The Interpretive and Education Center, with its interactive exhibits and a twenty-minute film, immerses visitors in the history of the site.
Local attractions include the charming town of Uniontown, just a short drive away, with its quaint shops and eateries. For those seeking more adventure, hiking trails of varying difficulty offer opportunities to explore the rugged beauty of the area. While the battlefield itself may not be surrounded by a lake, its historical depth and picturesque setting make it a compelling destination for those seeking to delve into America’s rich past.
- Area (mi²)
- 1.4
- Annual visitors
- 27 000
- Established year
- 1931
Top 3 Facts about Fort Necessity National Battlefield
The battle site is located at an elevation of 1,955 feet (596 meters) in the Allegheny Mountains, marking the first significant clash of the French and Indian War, where British colonial forces under George Washington surrendered to French and Indian forces on July 3, 1754.
In the heart of the Allegheny Mountains, this historic battlefield is a biodiversity hotspot. Spot the American Toad and Northern Slimy Salamander in the moist understory, while Eastern Red-backed Salamanders dart through the forest floor. The skies are filled with a variety of bird species, and the waters host an array of ray-finned fishes. The landscape is dotted with unique flora, attracting visitors to its natural beauty and historical significance.
In the heart of the Allegheny Mountains, rolling hills and steep valleys sculpted by ancient river plains and coastal swamps stretch towards Chestnut Ridge, capped by 300-million-year-old Pennsylvanian-age sandstone. The landscape is adorned with oak-dominated forests and meadows of ironweed and goldenrod, set against the backdrop of tropical marine rock formations. Elevations rise sharply, creating a dramatic tapestry of geological history.
Family programs
- Junior Ranger
- Ranger-led Tours
- Self-guided Tours
- Workshops & Hands-on Activities
- Scavenger Hunts
- Scouting Partnerships
- Virtual Junior Activities
Travel Tips
Plan Ahead
Visit during spring or fall to avoid extreme weather. Allocate 1.5 to 2 hours for main sites and an extra hour for Braddock’s Grave and Jumonville Glen. Wear comfortable shoes for the 300-yard walk to the fort and hiking trails. Pack snacks and water, as dining options are limited. Arrive early to park near the visitor center and plan for rest breaks along the paved and rocky terrain. Catch the Mount Washington Tavern tours from May 1 to October 31.
Pack Appropriately
Pack layers for variable weather, sturdy hiking boots, and a waterproof tent if camping. Bring headlamps, extra batteries, and a multi-tool for outdoor readiness. Check the season for specific gear like warm jackets or insect repellent.
Respect Wildlife
Respect local wildlife by staying on designated trails, avoiding invasive plant species, and keeping a safe distance from animals, especially during breeding seasons. Enjoy birdwatching and wildlife viewing without disturbing habitats. Leave the area as you found it, or better.
Stay Informed
Stay on marked trails, avoid ledges and fast water, and check weather conditions and park alerts. For emergencies, call 911 or park authorities at 724-329-5811. Be cautious of seasonal temperature changes and follow all safety signs and rules.
Seasons
In spring, warmer temperatures (60s-70s°F) and blooming wildflowers set the stage for a historic visit. May brings the opening of the Mount Washington Tavern, offering self-guided tours. Enjoy hiking trails, historic weapons demos, and the “Road of Necessity” movie amidst mild spring weather. Ideal for outdoor enthusiasts.
Experience summer’s warm temperatures (70s-80s°F) and occasional showers at this historic site. Enjoy talks, tours, and historic weapons demonstrations from May to October. Hike five miles of trails, explore the reconstructed fort, and visit the Mount Washington Tavern, open from May 1st to October 31st. Immersive outdoor exhibits and Junior Ranger Programs await.
Experience the crisp autumn air, with temperatures in the 50s-60s Fahrenheit, as the foliage transforms into a kaleidoscope of colors. Visit in October to catch the historic weapons demonstrations amidst the serene fall landscape. Ideal for a reflective and immersive historical experience.
Visit from December to March for a serene winter landscape, with temperatures often below 47°F. Snow-covered trails and historic sites offer a tranquil, less crowded experience, though some facilities may be closed. Ideal for those seeking a peaceful, winter wonderland immersion.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ready to dive into what Fort Necessity National Battlefield has to offer? Let’s tackle some of the burning questions you might have as you plan your visit!
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The closest city to Fort Necessity National Battlefield is Uniontown, located about 11 miles to the west in southwestern Pennsylvania.
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Dogs must be on a leash no longer than 6 feet at all times. They must also wear a collar with current tags and their owners must clean up after them. Dogs are not allowed in public buildings except for service animals.
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Parking is free. There is plenty of parking available, including space for campers, trailers, and other vehicles.
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The battle at Fort Necessity, which took place on July 3, 1754, was the opening action of the French and Indian War. It marked the first and only surrender of George Washington’s military career, as his forces were outnumbered by French and Indian troops. This battle and the preceding skirmish at Jumonville Glen set the stage for the larger conflict that would reconfigure the global balance of power and ultimately lead to the expulsion of French colonial power from North America.