The main visitor centers are open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM daily in the winter and from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM during the summer months, from Memorial Day to Labor Day. The Gran Quivira visitor center is open from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, Friday through Sunday, from April 1st to October 31st.
There is no entrance fee at Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument; admission is free year-round.
From Albuquerque, take I-25 south to Belen, then NM 47 to US 60, heading east 21 miles to Mountainair, where ancient missions await amidst New Mexico’s vast landscape.
Parking is available for cars, RVs, and motorcycles. At Abó and Gran Quivira, there are turnarounds for most RVs and buses. Quarai has an overflow parking lot for RVs and buses. No overnight parking allowed. No parking fees.
Accessibility & permits
Emergency
- Cell service availability:Partial
In the heart of New Mexico, where the vast expanse of the high desert meets the remnants of a rich cultural heritage, lies the Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. This enclave of historical significance is scattered around the town of Mountainair, about 80 miles southeast of Albuquerque. The monument comprises three distinct sites: Quarai, Abó, and Gran Quivira, each a testament to the intricate tapestry of Native American and Spanish influences.
The landscape here is a tapestry of ancient ruins and desert flora, with the rugged beauty of the desert backdrop contrasting sharply with the well-preserved 17th-century Spanish missions and Native American pueblos. At Gran Quivira, the largest site, visitors can explore the imposing unfinished church of San Buenaventura and the smaller San Isidro, alongside the subterranean ceremonial chambers known as kivas.
As the seasons change, the desert transforms; spring brings a burst of wildflowers, summer days are punctuated by the calls of raptors soaring overhead, and autumn paints the landscape with hues of gold and orange. Winter mornings are crisp and clear, offering a serene backdrop for hiking the interpretive trails that weave through the ruins.
For those seeking a deeper connection, ranger-led tours provide insights into the history and significance of the sites. The visitor center in Mountainair serves as a hub for exploration, offering a collection of artifacts and detailed guides to the area. Nearby, the town itself is a haven for artisans and craftspeople, making it an ideal spot to find unique local wares.
While the area may not host summer concerts or canoe tours, its tranquility and historical depth make it a compelling destination for those who appreciate the nuances of cultural heritage and natural beauty. Visitors can immerse themselves in the area’s rich history and enjoy the stark, beautiful landscape that surrounds these ancient ruins.
- Area (mi²)
- 1.7
- Annual visitors
- 37 000
- Established year
- 1909
Top 3 Facts about Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument
The area was abandoned by the end of the 1670s due to famine and tribal raids, remaining empty until new settlement attempts in the 19th century, with the region receiving an average annual rainfall of about 15 inches.
In this arid yet vibrant landscape, cottonwood trees and willows shade the paths, while chokecherries, currants, and gooseberries thrive, attracting a multitude of birds and mammals. Black bears and coyotes roam under the cover of night, leaving behind tracks and scat as reminders of their presence. Porcupines perch high in the trees, and the rare Buffalo Gourd vine spreads its unique fruit. The air is filled with the yips of coyotes and the songs of various bird species, creating a rich tapestry of wildlife and flora that awaits the discerning traveler.
In the heart of central New Mexico, vibrant Permian-age red sandstones and gray limestones, interbedded with gypsum, form a striking landscape. The Manzano Mountains rise in the distance, while the Estancia Basin stretches out with its unique geological formations. Here, 299-million-year-old sedimentary rocks meet Tertiary igneous dikes and Quaternary alluvium, creating a tapestry of colors and textures that evoke the region’s rich geological history.
Family programs
- Junior Ranger
- Ranger-led Tours
- Virtual Junior Activities
Travel Tips
Plan Ahead
Plan a full day or multiple days to explore the expansive ruins and trails. Arrive early to beat the desert heat, especially during summer. Visit in September for the Astronomy Events under the dark skies. Pack water, snacks, and wear sturdy shoes for rocky terrain. Stop by the visitor center first for maps and guides. Limited dining options nearby, so plan meals in advance.
Pack Appropriately
Pack lightweight, waterproof rain gear, hiking boots, and layers for variable desert temperatures. Bring a wide-brim hat, sunglasses, and refillable water bottles to stay hydrated. For longer stays, include camping gear and energy-rich snacks.
Respect Wildlife
Observe wildlife from a distance, avoid feeding animals, and control pets. Respect nesting sites and fragile flora, especially during breeding seasons. Drive cautiously and obey speed limits to avoid startling animals. Leave the area as you found it, disposing of waste properly and minimizing your impact.
Stay Informed
Stay on marked trails, avoid ledges and water, and check weather conditions. Follow park signs and rules. For emergencies, call 911 or park authorities. Stay hydrated and informed.
Seasons
Visit in spring for mild 75°F days and cooler evenings. High winds may close trails, but the serene landscape and blooming wildflowers make it ideal. No specific spring events, but the tranquil atmosphere is perfect for hiking and cultural exploration.【National Geographic】
Explore ancient ruins under summer skies, with temperatures in the 80s and 90s. Join weekly ranger-led hikes in July and August, and stargaze at dark sky events. Perfect for outdoor enthusiasts seeking history and natural beauty.
Visit in fall, when crisp 50-70°F temperatures and golden foliage enhance the ruins of 17th-century mission churches and ancestral pueblos. Enjoy the Harvest Festival, a celebration of local culture and history, typically held in October. Ideal for photography and immersive historical experiences.
Visit from December to February for a serene winter landscape, with temperatures often below 40°F. Crisp air and potential snow create a tranquil atmosphere, but be prepared for cold and possible road closures. Ideal for those seeking a peaceful, uncrowded experience.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ready to dive into what Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument has to offer? Let’s tackle some of the burning questions you might have as you plan your visit!
-
To visit the Salinas Pueblo Missions, you should stay in Mountainair, New Mexico, which is where the main visitor center is located and is close to the three mission sites. Mountainair is about 10 miles east of the monument’s sites along Route 60. This city provides the best access to the historical ruins of Quarai, Abó, and Gran Quivira.
-
Dogs must be restrained on a leash no longer than 6 feet at all times. Retractable leashes that extend beyond 6 feet are not allowed. Dogs must also wear a collar with current tags.
-
You can park an RV, camper, or motorhome at the monument, as there are turnarounds and overflow parking lots at Abó, Gran Quivira, and Quarai that can accommodate most RVs and buses. However, camping is not allowed on site.
-
You can visit the three main sites: Gran Quivira, Abó, and Quarai. Start at Gran Quivira, the largest unit, which includes the fully excavated pueblo where residents met Don Antonio de Espejo in 1580 and the ruins of a Spanish mission. Each site takes about an hour to explore, allowing you to see the mission at Quarai, built in 1627, and the Reoccupation Structures at Abó, constructed by ranchers around 1815.